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- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 94 11:01:13 PDT
- From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <info-hams@ucsd.edu>
- Errors-To: Info-Hams-Errors@UCSD.Edu
- Reply-To: Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu
- Precedence: Bulk
- Subject: Info-Hams Digest V94 #624
- To: Info-Hams
-
-
- Info-Hams Digest Sat, 4 Jun 94 Volume 94 : Issue 624
-
- Today's Topics:
- "73's"
- 440 in So. Cal. (6 msgs)
- ARLB049 FCC clarifies action
- ARLP022 Propagation de KT7H
- favor please
- Ham license plates in WA
- Ham Radio few problem (3 msgs)
- Operating in Mexico
-
- Send Replies or notes for publication to: <Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu>
- Send subscription requests to: <Info-Hams-REQUEST@UCSD.Edu>
- Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu.
-
- Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available
- (by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams".
-
- We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text
- herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official
- policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Date: 4 Jun 1994 06:32:55 GMT
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!usc!math.ohio-state.edu!hobbes.physics.uiowa.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!crcnis1.unl.edu!unlinfo.unl.edu!mcduffie@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: "73's"
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- ray.wade@michaelr.com (RAY WADE) writes:
-
- >WRONG! 73 means "Best Regards". 73's obviously therefore must mean
- >"Best Regardes(es)", neither of which was or is intended to be used
-
- Wow! This guy is really going to be embarrassed when he figures out
- what he said.
-
- Can you say a_pos_tro_phe ?????
-
- Gary
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 14:10:07 GMT
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!rogjd@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: 440 in So. Cal.
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- Michael P. Deignan (md@pstc3.pstc.brown.edu) wrote:
- : jaminge@pb2esac.com (John Minger) writes:
-
- : > We were told in rather curt terms that no-code techs were not welcome
- : > there. (Something about not being able to copy the repeater's ID..)
-
- : Well, I can sympathize with their attitude. Many no-clue technicians in
- : this area are simply CB operators extending their available channel
- : selections. Perhaps the same is true in your area, I can't say.
-
- It isn't the case in Southern California. And I think that your use of
- derogatory terms such as "no-clue technicians" to describe a whole class
- of operators is reprehensible, especially in a public forum. The new
- Techs in our area are mainly FB ops, many of whom are actively engaged in
- upgrading to General thru Extra.
-
- Calling these guys names is not in the spirit of ham radio. Welcoming
- them into the hobby and elmering them *is*.
-
- --
- rogjd@netcom.com
- Glendale, CA
- AB6WR
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 13:59:37 GMT
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!rogjd@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: 440 in So. Cal.
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- Michael P. Deignan (md@pstc3.pstc.brown.edu) wrote:
- : rogjd@netcom.com (Roger Buffington) writes:
-
- : > Agreed, the closed repeater owners would have the same rights as the rest
- : > of us. They simply wouldn't have rights over and above the rest of us,
- : > namely, coordination for a repeater pair on a closed or private basis.
-
- : Refusing a repeater coordination on the basis of its "open" or "closed"
- : status could be considered illegal, as the FCC recognizes "closed" repeaters
- : as being completely valid. By saying that a "closed" repeater will not be
- : granted coordination you are not giving all repeater owners the same
- : rights, you are discriminating against closed repeater owners.
-
- No it couldn't. That does not meet the legal test of discrimination,
- namely, adverse action against a protected class. You're wrong.
-
- : > Once 440 reached the level of openess found on the model band, 2 meters,
- : > perhaps this could be relaxed.
-
- : Why should this be a goal to achieve? Simply because 144/440mhz radios
- : are inexpensive today? If 440mhz doesn't present the level of "openness"
- : you like, then why not move up to 1.2ghz?
-
- Because like 40,000 other hams in Southern California, I've got a dual
- band 440/2m radio.
-
- : > The current 440 coordination group has abused its authority recklessly.
- : > This can be seen quite clearly by the disuse into which Southern Cal's
- : > 440 band has degenerated.
-
- : The only evidence I have seen related to band mismanagement posted here
- : by those who seek to eliminate closed repeaters from 440mhz are "paper"
- : repeaters being maintained by the coordinating body. And, while I agree
- : that this is improper, there are ways to deal with it above and beyond
- : eliminating closed systems on 440mhz.
-
- If you don't consider the relative non-utilization of an entire choice
- band, 440, prima facie evidence of bad management and coordination, well,
- OK. I and others do.
-
- : > True, but the ones in Southern Cal are happy with the paper radios. If
- : > not, then why are they coordinated?
-
- : The easiest way to deal with paper coordinations is to document no activity
- : on a particular frequency for a month, and when you hear nothing, quietly
- : place an open system on that frequency.
-
- Not a bad idea, actually.
-
- --
- rogjd@netcom.com
- Glendale, CA
- AB6WR
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 14:05:17 GMT
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!rogjd@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: 440 in So. Cal.
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- Michael P. Deignan (md@pstc3.pstc.brown.edu) wrote:
- : rogjd@netcom.com (Roger Buffington) writes:
-
- : > What is objectionable is that the coordinating body reserves the
- : > repeater pairs for a small group, thereby discouraging other potential
- : > repeater trustees from opening OPEN repeaters on 440.
-
- : Again, your bias shows. If your statement had been:
-
- Yep, my bias shows. I like OPEN repeaters. I admit it. But let's get
- away from demagogic terms (which you are using) like "bias." What's
- wrong with the word "preference" ? It is a much better and more accurate
- rendition of my meaning. Your use of the word "bias" connotes some sort
- of unjust discrimination. This is not appropriate.
-
- : What is objectionable is that the coordinating body reserves the repeater
- : pairs for a small group, thereby discouraging other potential repeater
- : trustees from establishing repeaters on 440.
-
- : Then I would agree completely with you. Anyone who wants to set up a
- : repeater, regardless of its status, should not be denied such because
- : the coordinating body is reserving frequency pairs for their friends.
-
-
- : > To validate my point, all one needs to do is contrast 2 meters to 440 in
- : > Southern California. Two meters is bursting with vitality! Many many
- : > open repeaters with good operating procedures and courtesy, AND LOTS OF
- : > FRIENDLY QSOS as the order of the day. 440? Mostly dead silence. The
- : > few open repeaters are very active; so much in fact that it difficult to
- : > get time on them.
-
- : The same is true of this area. But, of the 3000+ hams in RI, what
- : percentage do you think have dual-band radios? Most new hams purchase
- : a 2 meter radio by default, and don't even get on 440mhz until they
- : have "discovered" the band, usually through the help of a friend who
- : has a dual-band radio.
-
- That's a hoot! 3000+ hams! We have more than that within a radius of
- three miles of my QTH! In fact, we have somewhere on the order of 50,000
- hams within simplex range of my QTH. Perhaps you simply don't understand
- the issues here in Southern California.
-
-
- : > 440 in Southern California needs a new coordinating body and a new
- : > coordinating philosophy, it's as simple as that. I propose the following
- : > as a starter: "If you aren't open, you aren't coordinated."
-
- : I'll agree with your first statement, but not your second.
-
-
-
-
- : MD
- : --
- : -- Michael P. Deignan
- : -- Amalgamated Baby Seal Poachers Union, Local 101
- : -- "Get 'The Club'... Endorsed by Baby Seal poachers everywhere..."
- --
- rogjd@netcom.com
- Glendale, CA
- AB6WR
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 17:19:45 GMT
- From: brunix!pstc3.pstc.brown.edu!md@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: 440 in So. Cal.
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- rogjd@netcom.com (Roger Buffington) writes:
-
- > And I think that your use of
- > derogatory terms such as "no-clue technicians" to describe a whole class
- > of operators is reprehensible, especially in a public forum. The new
- > Techs in our area are mainly FB ops, many of whom are actively engaged in
- > upgrading to General thru Extra.
-
- I believe the term "no clue" applies to dozens of CB transplants that
- infiltrate the hobby, and lend credence to despicable activities like
- jamming that the hobby would have unanimously denounced years ago.
-
- You conveniently edited out the portion of my message where I indicated
- that no-code techs comprise the largest license class of operator on
- my "closed" machine.
-
- MD
- --
- -- Michael P. Deignan
- -- Amalgamated Baby Seal Poachers Union, Local 101
- -- "Get 'The Club'... Endorsed by Baby Seal poachers everywhere..."
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 16:59:15 GMT
- From: brunix!pstc3.pstc.brown.edu!md@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: 440 in So. Cal.
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- rogjd@netcom.com (Roger Buffington) writes:
-
- > Yep, my bias shows. I like OPEN repeaters. I admit it. But let's get
- > away from demagogic terms (which you are using) like "bias." What's
- > wrong with the word "preference" ? It is a much better and more accurate
- > rendition of my meaning. Your use of the word "bias" connotes some sort
- > of unjust discrimination. This is not appropriate.
-
- You are discriminating. The term bias applies. Regardless of whether or
- not you like OPEN repeaters, the FCC has said that closed repeaters are
- perfectly legal.
-
- > That's a hoot! 3000+ hams! We have more than that within a radius of
- > three miles of my QTH! In fact, we have somewhere on the order of 50,000
- > hams within simplex range of my QTH. Perhaps you simply don't understand
- > the issues here in Southern California.
-
- Oh, I understand perfectly. You want something for nothing. Gimme, gimme,
- gimme "OPEN" repeaters so I can yak all day and not have to pay anything.
-
-
- MD
- --
- -- Michael P. Deignan
- -- Amalgamated Baby Seal Poachers Union, Local 101
- -- "Get 'The Club'... Endorsed by Baby Seal poachers everywhere..."
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 16:53:26 GMT
- From: brunix!pstc3.pstc.brown.edu!md@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: 440 in So. Cal.
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- rogjd@netcom.com (Roger Buffington) writes:
-
- > No it couldn't. That does not meet the legal test of discrimination,
- > namely, adverse action against a protected class. You're wrong.
-
- The FCC recognizes all repeaters are "closed". If you attempt to allot
- frequency coordinations on the basis of the trustee's willingness to
- allow operators to utilize the machine at that frequency, you had best
- be ready to defend your position financially.
-
-
- > Because like 40,000 other hams in Southern California, I've got a dual
- > band 440/2m radio.
-
- Because like thousands of other hams throughout the US, I've got a
- general coverage receiver/transmitter. Guess that means I should be
- able to transmit everywhere.
-
-
- > If you don't consider the relative non-utilization of an entire choice
- > band, 440, prima facie evidence of bad management and coordination, well,
- > OK. I and others do.
-
- I don't arbitrarilly assign "utilization" as the criteria by which
- repeaters should be coordinated. There are numerous repeaters in this
- area which receive less utilization than my closed machine. Using your
- criteria, we should decoordinate those "open" repeaters.
-
- Since high utilization of an open repeater generally implies excellent
- coverage, it also implies high site, high power, and expensive equipment.
-
- Sounds like you want a free ride at everyelses expense.
-
-
- : The easiest way to deal with paper coordinations is to document no activity
- : on a particular frequency for a month, and when you hear nothing, quietly
- : place an open system on that frequency.
-
- > Not a bad idea, actually.
-
- Its how "renegade" repeaters get 'coordinated' around here. Its
- difficult to argue with facts. And, the fact is if you can document
- no activity on a frequency for a prolonged period of time, and you
- set a machine up on that frequency, the odds dramatically shift in your
- favor that if the coordinating body does complain, you have the
- evidence to support your position that you were there first.
-
- Its worked for several systems in this area.
-
- MD
- --
- -- Michael P. Deignan
- -- Amalgamated Baby Seal Poachers Union, Local 101
- -- "Get 'The Club'... Endorsed by Baby Seal poachers everywhere..."
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Fri, 03 Jun 1994 22:14:24 EDT
- From: psinntp!arrl.org!usenet@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: ARLB049 FCC clarifies action
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- SB QST @ ARL $ARLB049
- ARLB049 FCC clarifies action
-
- ZCZC AG14
- QST de W1AW
- ARRL Bulletin 49 ARLB049
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Fri, 03 Jun 1994 22:15:19 EDT
- From: psinntp!arrl.org!usenet@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: ARLP022 Propagation de KT7H
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- SB PROP @ ARL $ARLP022
- ARLP022 Propagation de KT7H
-
- ZCZC AP36
- QST de W1AW
- Propagation Forecast Bulletin 22 ARLP022
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Fri, 03 Jun 94 05:38:27 MST
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!asuvax!ennews!wierius!isus!dtr!jamoran@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: favor please
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- can I ask a favor of someone. Please help me get messages in the
- Scanner/Shortwave newsgroup. My local BBS that gives me Usenet access
- does not carry either of these newsgroups.
- and second.. is there anyone who has frequency infor they want to share
- or exchange. I don't know which I'll do first, get my ham ticket or
- get my wings (pilots license) JOHN /PHX
-
- --
- jamoran@dtr.stat.com (John moran)
- Data Terminal Ready BBS +1 602 993 4753
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: 4 Jun 1994 07:18:29 -0700
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!zip.eecs.umich.edu!caen!malgudi.oar.net!news.ans.net!sitka.wsipc.wednet.edu!connected.com!connected.com!not-for-mail@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: Ham license plates in WA
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- As best as I can recall the initial cost is $8.00, no additional costs
- each year. But you have to write the Amateur radio desk at the state
- office in Olympia
-
- Ralph Lindberg N7BSN More hobbies than time
- Ellen Winnie N7PYK Just because I'm not doing anything
- email => dragonsl@connected.com doesn't mean I have nothing to do.
- Members SCA, REI, ARRL, AMSAT, PS Lacemakers, NW Microwave, KCFMS, CS-VHF,
- Good Sams, RPI and Kitsap ARES
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: 4 Jun 94 13:13:39 GMT
- From: world!drt@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: Ham Radio few problem
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- Brad Ward (Brad.Ward@f2711.n206.z1.fidonet.org) wrote:
- : JETI> Most recently the FCC has affirmed that the repeater operator has the
- : JETI> right to say who uses the repeater. If you jammers are such jerks
- : that
- : JETI> the operator doesn't want you using his machine, he can boot you off
- : JETI> even an _open_ repeater.
-
- : If the control operator has the right to boot anybody off an open
- : repeater, what's the point of having a closed machine?
-
- : ... Catch the Blue Wave!
-
- The default changes. On an open machine, you can use it until you're
- told not to. On a closed machine, you can't use it until you're given
- permission. Other than that, there's no difference.
-
- -drt
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |David R. Tucker KG2S 8P9CL drt@world.std.com|
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 13:51:29 GMT
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!rogjd@network.ucsd.edu
- Subject: Ham Radio few problem
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- RAY WADE (ray.wade@michaelr.com) wrote:
- : On 05-28-94 ROGER BUFFINGTON wrote to ALL...
-
- SNIP
-
- : Did it ever occur to you that the "few good old boys" may own the
- : thing? I am unaware of ANY repeater ANYWHERE that is owned by the
- : public. And here is another flash, if I own something, it's MINE
- : TO DO AS I DAMM WELL PLEASE WITH IT. If you want to join my "club"
- : pay dues, and help maintain it, I might allow you to be "a good old
- : boy". Parasites (dead beats) are not welcome!
-
- Listen, Bub, you might try reading the thread before making comments like
- your last article. First of all, you attribute some of Roger Bly's
- comments to me, which I don't appreciate one little bit. Let's get it
- together.
-
- It's obvious that you have either not read, or were unable to comprehend
- the issues in this thread. Everyone here knows that repeaters are not
- public property. It has been mentioned by myself and others on this
- thread that we agree with the concept of a repeater owner expecting some
- kind of support in return for providing the repeater.
-
- Next time how about reading and thinking before writing, hey?
-
- 73
-
- : * OFFLINE 1.56 * You only THINK I'm devious? Actually, I'm far more twisted.
- : .
- --
- rogjd@netcom.com
- Glendale, CA
- AB6WR
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 17:23:06 GMT
- From: brunix!pstc3.pstc.brown.edu!md@uunet.uu.net
- Subject: Ham Radio few problem
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- rogjd@netcom.com (Roger Buffington) writes:
-
- > It has been mentioned by myself and others on this
- > thread that we agree with the concept of a repeater owner expecting some
- > kind of support in return for providing the repeater.
-
- Really? What if the repeater owner wishes to restrict access so that
- those who choose to support the repeater have a place to go when they
- can't find an open spot elsewhere? What if the owner's concept of
- support means you help pay part of the bills associated with upkeep of
- the repeater, otherwise you can't use the repeater?
-
- The impression I've gotten is that you reject both of these concepts.
- That, to me, indicates you want a free ride at other people's expense.
-
- MD
- --
- -- Michael P. Deignan
- -- Amalgamated Baby Seal Poachers Union, Local 101
- -- "Get 'The Club'... Endorsed by Baby Seal poachers everywhere..."
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: 4 Jun 94 17:41:01 GMT
- From: dog.ee.lbl.gov!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!darwin.sura.net!atlas.tntech.edu!jmg@ucbvax.berkeley.edu
- Subject: Operating in Mexico
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- Does anyone know if you need to get a license or do paperwork to
- operate in Mexico?
-
- thanks
-
- Jeff, AC4HF
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: (null)
- From: (null)
- SB PROP ARL ARLP022
- ARLP022 Propagation de KT7H
-
- Solar activity was down again last week. From May 27 through June 1
- there were no visible Sunspots, and to make matters worse, there
- were several days of disturbed and stormy conditions due to a
- recurring coronal hole. The worst day was May 30 when the Boulder A
- index was 35.
-
- Conditions will remain unstable until the middle of the month.
- Solar flux should gradually rise, but only peak around 85 before mid
- June. Around June 25 or 26 disturbed conditions should return.
-
- Sunspot Numbers from May 26 through June 1 were 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
- and 0, with a mean of 1.6. 10.7 cm flux was 71.5, 70.2, 70.2, 69.5,
- 69.4, 69.1 and 67.6, with mean of 69.6.
-
- The path projection for this week is from San Francisco, California
- to Cambodia.
-
- 80 meters may be open briefly around 1145 to 1245z, and 40 meters
- from 1130 to 1330. Check 30 meters from 1030 to 1430. 20 meters
- may be open around 0830 to 0945 and from 1400 to 1700. 17 meters
- and above do not look promising at this time.
- NNNN
- /EX
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 4 Jun 1994 14:17:47 GMT
- From: netcomsv!netcom.com!rogjd@decwrl.dec.com
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- References <2snjlc$72p@nyx10.cs.du.edu>, <gregCqu5LJ.62G@netcom.com>, <2so48a$gl@sugar.NeoSoft.COM>
- Subject : Re: 440 in So. Cal.
-
- Jim Reese (jreese@sugar.NeoSoft.COM) wrote:
-
- : Ahh! We FINALLY get to the REAL root of this discussion...you're right and
- : we're wrong...
-
- : Who died and made you God?
-
- Oh, come on Jim, his was a well-written summary of the issue, namely, one
- group feels one way about an issue, and the other group feels the other
- way. Both groups understand the point of view of the other.
-
- Comments like "Who died and made you God?" are not helpful.
-
- 73
-
- : --
- : Jim Reese, WD5IYT | "Real Texans don't let the truth get in
- : jreese@sugar.neosoft.com | the way of a good story."
- --
- rogjd@netcom.com
- Glendale, CA
- AB6WR
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: (null)
- From: (null)
- SB QST ARL ARLB049
- ARLB049 FCC clarifies action
-
- FCC clarifies action
-
- In response to a request from the ARRL and inquiries from others,
- the FCC's Private Radio Bureau has clarified new rules that went
- into effect on June 1, 1994. The new rules do not remove the
- restriction against automatic control of digital and RTTY
- transmitting below 50 MHz.
-
- The new rules, resulting from action in PR Docket 93-85, relax the
- Amateur Service rules regarding the responsibility for the content
- of messages on high-speed digital networks. The Commission amended
- Section 97.109(e), to allow a forwarding station in a message
- forwarding system to be automatically controlled while transmitting
- third party communications.
-
- But, the Commission pointed out in a June 2 statement, Section
- 97.109(d), which was not amended, still limits automatic control of
- stations transmitting RTTY or digital emissions to frequencies above
- 50 MHz.
-
- The FCC currently has under consideration two petitions for rule
- making, RM-8218 and RM-8280, that address this subject. The
- petitions were submitted by the ARRL and by the American Digital
- Radio Society.
-
- More information is in June 1994 QST, page 81.
- NNNN
- /EX
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Sat, 04 Jun 1994 02:56:55 GMT
- From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!wupost!gumby!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!caen!malgudi.oar.net!witch!doghouse!jsalemi@network.ucsd.edu
- To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
-
- References <1994May30.134341.23782@uxmail.ust.hk>, <jkauffmnCqMJ6I.K1o@netcom.com><1994May31.025939.28917@uxmail.ust.hk>, <236@doghouse.win.net><1994Jun3.050511.16933@uxmail.ust.hk>│╝
- Reply-To : jsalemi@doghouse.win.net (Joe Salemi)
- Subject : Re: Six meter HT
-
-
- In article <1994Jun3.050511.16933@uxmail.ust.hk>, Michael Lo (ee_hflo@dma039.ust.hk) writes:
- > Please give me some suggestion about purchase 6 meter equipment.
- >
- > How about 6 meter moible ?
- >
-
- I know Yaesu makes one, but I think that's it right now. Not up on the
- 6m stuff though, so hopefully someone else here can provide you with
- more info.
-
- 73...joe
-
-
-
- ----------
- Joe Salemi, KR4CZ Internet: jsalemi@doghouse.win.net
- Compuserve: 72631,23 FidoNet: 1:109/136 MCI Mail: 433-3961
-
- ------------------------------
-
- End of Info-Hams Digest V94 #624
- ******************************
-